Archilochus

When Archilochus, the first lyric poet of the Greeks, hurls both his frantic love and his contempt at the daughters of Lycambes, it is not his own passion that we see dancing before us in an orgiastic frenzy: we see Dionysus and the maenads, we see the drunken reveler Archilochus,

当第一个希腊抒情诗人阿奇洛科斯对吕甘伯斯（Lyoambas）的女儿表示热恋又表示蔑视之时，我们不仅见到他的热情如醉如狂地悸动，我们还见到酒神和他的侍女们，见到酩酊大醉的阿奇洛科斯陶然的睡态，正如欧里庇德斯在“酒神侍者”

I mean she is a fox and not a hedgehog, according to the definition offered in the seventh century BC by the Greek poet and soldier Archilochus: The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing.

我是说，她是狐狸，而不是刺猬。按照古希腊军旅诗人阿尔基洛科斯（Archilochus）公元前7世纪的定义：狐狸知道很多事，但刺猬只知道一件大事。

Homer, the hoary dreamer, caught in utter abstraction, prototype of the Apollinian naive artist, stares in amazement at the passionate head of Archilochus, soldierly servant of the Muses, knocked about by fortune.

荷马，这个潜心默想、白发苍苍的诗人，现在愕然看着狂放豪迈，驰骋人间的尚武诗人阿奇洛科斯的慷慨激昂的才华。

Scholarship has discovered in respect of Archilochus that he introduced folk song into literature, and that it was this feat which earned him the unique distinction of being placed beside Homer.

关于阿奇洛科斯，学者们的研究发现他曾把民歌传入文学中，由于这功绩，希腊人普遍地评定他值得同荷马并列的特殊地位。

Nor is it at all necessary for the poet to see only the phenomenon of the man Archilochus before him as a reflection of Eternal Being: the world of tragedy shows us to what extent the vision of the poet can remove itself from the urgent, immediate phenomenon.

然而，这位抒情诗人也不一定只能见到通过阿奇洛科斯其人反映永恒存在的这一现象；希腊悲剧就证明了：抒情诗人的幻想世界，同这种当然与它有密切关系的现象，相去甚远。

Archilochus, on the other hand, the subjectively willing and desiring human being, can never be a poet.

但是具有主观意志和欲望的人阿奇洛科斯，却无论何时也不能是个诗人。

The man Archilochus, with his passionate loves and hates, is really only a vision of genius, a genius who is no longer merely Archilochus but the genius of the universe, expressing its pain through the similitude of Archilochus the man.

其实，热情磅礴，既爱人类又恨人类的阿奇洛科斯，不过是天才的一个幻影而已；此时此际，他已经再也不是阿奇洛科斯，而是世界天才假借阿奇洛科斯其人象征地说出自己的原始痛苦；

It is this Archilochus who most disturbs us, placed there beside Homer, with the stridor of his hate and mockery, the drunken outbursts of his desire.

比之荷马，阿奇洛科斯以他的愤恨轻蔑的呐喊，如醉如狂的热情，使我们惊心动魄；