The method, which describes software specification in XYZ/ E, can assure semantic consistency between specification and software. On the other hand, the output expectation of test cases can be automatically evaluated from the specification as a Prolog program.

The semantic of this specification is that a copy of the referenced object should be created, and assigned another name.

该规范的语义是应当创建已引用对象的一个副本，并指定另一个名称。

DTD is a grammar-based XML schema formalism, considering the structural constraints, a pattern-based schema formalism called XSCs can be combined with it, and the derived DTD provides a more a semantic rich specification.

DTD是一种基于语法的XML规范形式化定义，在考虑结构完整性约束时，一种基于pattern的XML规范形式化定义XSCs模式可以与其联合使用，使得生成的DTD具有更为丰富的语义。

The approach analyzes the semantics of sequence diagrams and adds semantic constraint specification to generate testable model. Corresponding information is abstracted from the model to generate FSM.

该方法分析了时序图的语义信息并添加语义约束规约生成可测试模型，从中提取相关信息生成有限状态机；

Semantic Web-Oriented Specification of Logic Descriptive Primitives

面向语义Web的逻辑描述原语扩展

Event order-based semantic specification of UML ( unified modeling language) sequence diagram

基于事件序的UML序列图语义规范

An Ontology-based Time Semantic Specification and Verification Approach for Web Service

一种基于Ontology的WEB服务时间约束定义及验证方法

We integrate a series of methods like analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy semantic differential subordination as evaluation tools.

将层次分析法、语义差别隶属度法等集成，形成了质量竞争力评价工具集。

In the end, a set of Plotkin-style structural operational semantics ( SOS) rules inductively defines a compositional formal semantics for UML state machine.

最后，用Plotkin风格的结构操作语义SOS（structural operational semantics）规则归纳地给出满足组合性的UML状态机语义。

The above examples demonstrate the compositional semantics of CSP& namely how the Parallel construct can be used to compose layered networks from fine-grained stateless components.

以上示例演示了CSP的复合语言&即如何用Parallel构造把细致的无状态的组件组成分层的网络。

Because the first order logic can characterize the computational semantics of a software component, it has become an important research direction in software engineering domain to use first order logic to represent a component and to use resolution based automatic theorem proving technology to retrieve it.

由于一阶逻辑能够描述软件构件的计算语义，因此用一阶逻辑表示构件及用基于归结原理的自动定理证明技术检索构件的研究在软件工程领域得到了足够的重视。

On the Problem of Semantic Classification of Russian Adjectives from the Perspective of Computational Semantics

从计算语义学角度看俄语形容词的语义分类问题

A DETERMINISTIC SEMANTICS OF COMMUNICATING PROCESSES Communications ICs Communication ICs

通信进程的确定性语义学

It indicated that the basic research should mostly include the development of ontology, the formal semantics of Semantic Web language and the development of Trust and Proof model.

总结了未来语义Web基础研究和应用研究的方向：语义Web的基础研究主要包括本体的发展、语义Web语言的形式语义和确信（Trust）与证据（Proof）模型的开发；

A Formal Semantic Model Facing Object Language

一个面向对象语言的形式语义模型

Barwise's criticisms on the extensional model theory semantics and the possible world semantics, not only reveals the shortages of logic semantics, but also helps us to understand the logic semantics problems of natural language more profoundly.

巴威斯等对外延模型论语义学和可能世界语义学的批判，揭示了既有逻辑语义研究的不足，促使人们对自然语言的逻辑语义问题进行更深刻的认识和反思。

Hence we propose a kind of structure postulates about the movement of categorical positions, and form a particular Categorical Type Logic-Multi-Modal Logic with constrains on accessible relations in possible world semantics.

因此，给出关于范畴位置移动的结构公设，构成特定的范畴类型逻辑系统，即多样模态逻辑，并给该系统的可能世界语义学的可通达关系确立相应的限制条件。

To establish a model is the precondition to the logical and semantic analysis of epistemic expressions and the theory of possible world semantics provides an effective tool for this.

建立模型是对认知表达式进行逻辑语义分析的前提，可能世界语义学为此提供了有效工具。

An approach to multi action commitments in KARO logical framework was made, and it was interpreted using Kripke style possible world semantics.

研究主体思维状态逻辑框架KARO中的多动作承诺机制，并对其进行语义解释。

This is also shown by the vagueness of KaKbp → Kap in possible world semantics.

可传递性公式KaKbp→Kap在可能世界语义学上的模糊性，也表明了这一点。

However, though the Possible World Semantics makes us understanding of modal expressions more intuitively, many problems emerge still.

然而，尽管可能世界语义学能让我们更直观地理解模态逻辑表达式，但是依然衍生出许多问题。