This review focuses on the changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in opioid dependence, withdrawal and relapse, and the relationship between HPA axis and opioid addiction.

Objective: To study the ear accupoint electric resistance of protracted opioid withdrawal syndrome in order to lay a foundation for the symptomatology of the traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM).

目的：了解太原市阿片类物质依赖者稽延性戒断综合症的耳穴电阻，为下一步中医证候学研究提供一些基础性参考资料。

Neuroadaptations induced by opioid withdrawal includes alterations in the efficiency of synaptic transmission, gene transcription and protein expression and neuronal morphology et al.

戒断引起的神经适应性变化包括伏核神经元接受的突触传递效率的改变、基因转录和蛋白表达的改变、形态的改变等诸多方面。

Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of Shenfutuodu capsule in the treatment of opioid withdrawal syndrome.

目的评价中药参附脱毒胶囊（Shenfutuodu capsule）治疗阿片类物质依赖急性戒断综合征的疗效和安全性。

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine combined with western medicine in the treatment of opioid withdrawal symptoms.

目的：系统评价中西药物结合治疗阿片类依赖急性戒断症状的有效性与安全性。

Analysis of the Weight of Proof and the Credibility& Comment concurrently on' several provisions of the civil evidence law'; Measurable Diagnosis of Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome by theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine

证明力与证据能力辨析&兼评《关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》阿片类戒断综合征的中医辨证计量诊断

Objective: To explore the measurable diagnosis and syndrome differentiation of opioid withdrawal.

目的：探讨阿片类戒断综合征的中医辨证计量诊断。

At the same time, many patients are forced to withdrawal due to side effects of these drugs, leading to treatment interruption.

同时这些药物副作用大，很多患者由于副作用而被迫停药，致使治疗中断。

Design of the Downhole Pulsation Dampener in the Rod Well System of High Pumping Rate and Forced Fluid Withdrawal

大泵强采抽油系统井下脉动缓冲器的设计

It has successfully forced the withdrawal of all foreign bases from its soil.

它成功地迫使撤掉在它国土上的所有外国基地。

Harvard's rules provide a range of potential punishments for cheating, the most severe being forced withdrawal for a year, but for varsity athletes, there is an added risk.

哈佛大学校规对作弊行为一系列的惩罚措施，其中最严重的是勒令停学一年。然而对于学校校队的运动员们来说，他们还需承担额外的风险。

Methods: We present an ICH model of rat with two-step autologous blood injection and needle withdrawal ( two-step model) by comparing it with two other autologous blood ICH models.

方法：我们采用2次注血2次退针法建立大鼠自体血脑出血模型（简称二步法模型），并与单次注血法和二次注血法模型对比。

Probe into methods of preventing more air producing in needle withdrawal of unbent trocar

防止直型套管针退针芯时延长管内产生空气的方法

Pressing Technique in Needle Withdrawal After Venous Infusion

静脉输液拔针按压方法探讨

Biomechanics changes between needle withdrawal and fixation point injection bone cement vertebral plasty using finite element method

应用有限元法对比分析单侧入路退针法与固定点注射骨水泥椎体成形的生物力学变化

Research progress on nursing care of hemodialysis patients accepted compression hemostasis after needle withdrawal

血液透析拔针压迫止血方法的护理进展

Pressing techniques compare for elder people in needle withdrawal after venous infusion

老年患者静脉输液拔针后按压方法的比较

Observation on the Effectiveness of Modified Needle Withdrawal after Fluid Leakage

液体渗漏后改良拔针法效果观察

Up-regulation of NO-cGMP signal transduction system is involved in the biological mechanisms of opiate tolerance and withdrawal

NO-cGMP信号转导系统的上调参与阿片类药物耐受和戒断的生化机制

Physical dependence of buprenorphine was assessed using 30 items opiate withdrawal scale ( OWS), which composed of 30 symptoms/ signs.

调查内容包括药物滥用史，Bup一般使用情况和药物依赖性评价等。Bup的身体依赖性采用30项阿片戒断症状量表（OWS）评价。

Han ′ s acupoint nerve stimulator ( hans) for the treatment of opiate withdrawal syndrome

韩氏穴位神经刺激仪治疗阿片戒断综合征的临床研究