Chapter 4 represents an implementation of GVA system.

Objective To study the distribution of G protein-coupled receptor kinase ( GRK) in rats' hypothalami and its role in the secretion of corticotrophin-releasing hormone ( CRH) early after severe trauma.

目的研究G蛋白偶联受体激酶（GRK）在大鼠下丘脑的分布和严重创伤后时相变化及其与应激早期下丘脑促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH）分泌的关系。

There are 7 members in the GRK family ( GRK1-7), which can be categorized into 3 subfamilies.

GRK有七种亚型（GRK1-7），分为三个亚家族。

Agonists for GPCR can regulate the expression level of GRK, and the abnormal expression of GRK in vivo can markedly influence physiological functions of organs and tissues.

GRK的表达水平可被GPCR的激动剂调节。GRK在体内的异常表达可以严重地影响器官和组织的功能。

The GRK 2/ 3 and the mRNA of CRH were measured by Western blot and reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) respectively.

通过western blot实验研究室旁核GRK2/3的蛋白表达，逆转录多聚酶链反应（RT-PCR）技术研究室旁核CRH的转录活性。

Arrestin is an important soluble protein that mediates receptor desensitization which is found after G protein coupled receptor kinase ( GRK).

Arrestins是继G蛋白偶联受体激酶（GRK）之后发现的另一个中介受体脱敏的重要可溶性蛋白。

Effect of GRK 2/ 3 on the regulation of CRH secretion in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of rats

GRK2/3在大鼠下丘脑室旁核CRH分泌调节中的作用

Previous research mainly focused on the regulatory functions of GRK in differentiated cells and maturely developed organs.

以往的研究主要集中在GRK对分化、发育成熟的机体、组织的调节功能上，GRK在发育过程中的作用还研究得较少。

This paper studies and establishes the enterprise clusters' positioning index system in the GVC distributing system.

研究并建立了企业集群在全球价值链分工体系中定位的指标体系。

Part two mainly introduces some concepts and theories of OEM 、 GVC and the sustainable development.

第二部分主要概述了OEM、全球价值链和可持续发展的相关概念和理论。

Independent Innovation and Upgrade of Industry Embedded in GVC

自主创新与全球价值链嵌入产业升级

Headquarters Economy, Industrial Upgrading and Balanced Regional Development: In Perspective of GVC

总部经济、产业升级和区域协调&基于全球价值链的分析

Part four ( Chapter five): The governance is one of the major content in GVC theory.

第四部分（第五章）：全球价值链治理是全球价值链理论研究的主要内容之一。

Analyzing the interests' distribution between developed and developing countries with the GVC theory.

第二，运用全球价值链理论分析发达国家和发展中国家之间的利益分配问题。

Herein, Paper studies the mechanism of how the industrial cluster's value chain extends and embeds in the GVC, and paper studies the relationship of the cluster's risk and the clusters' global relation in the frame of GVC analysis.

鉴于此，本文研究了集群价值链延伸并嵌入全球价值链的整合机制，并在全球价值链的分析框架下研究了全球价值链分工与发展中国家产业集群风险形成的关联机制。

Study on effect of Gauss light pulse with chirp and GVD to the sensitivity of receivers with an optical preamplifier

啁啾高斯光脉冲和群速度色散对带前置放大器光接收机灵敏度的影响研究

Initial chirps of pump pulse are introduced to compensate GVD and increase the gain of parametric amplification.

为了提高单位晶体长度的参量放大增益，可以通过引入初始啁啾来抵消群速度色散的影响。

The evolution of chirp induced by both GVD and SPM in the single-mode fiber

单模光纤中GVD和SPM所致的啁啾演变特性

The incidence of GVD per300 nerve cells was significantly related to the dosage of aluminum.

本结果进一步证实了铝的神经行为毒性，并提示该毒性与铝导致神经细胞数减少有关。

The reflection spectrum, time delay, and group velocity dispersion ( GVD) of the gratings are analyzed.

并对此种光栅的反射谱，时延及群速度色散进行了理论分析；

It is found that pump pulse intensity is seriously decreased and pulse width is increased by GVD.

结果表明，群速度色散会使泵浦光脉宽增加，功率密度降低；