Specific IER characteristics are typically associated with non-functional requirements or design constraints.

The theory and design constraints of interferometric synthetic aperture radar

干涉式合成孔径雷达的理论与设计约束

Due to economic constraints, the DDN user node site has seen very slow development.

由于经济条件的限制，我国DDN用户节点侧一直发展缓慢，用户使用很不灵活。

Economic constraints also mean that the days of specialist photographers are over.

经济上的限制也意味着聘请专业摄影师的时代结束了。

Economic limit model of development wells under economic constraints

经济约束条件下新钻井经济界限模型

De-regulation and re-regulation have been taking place in electric power industry in many countries around the world. The reasons which brought to the reforms might arise from the changes of technologies, demand, economic constraints or political ideologies.

当今世界很多国家都在经历着电力行业规制放松或重建规制的实验，改革的动因可能源于技术、需求、经济约束或执政理念的变化。

To cope with the rent-on-land inflation is not to diminish the inflation or to constrain price from rising, but to control the pace of inflation with the limits of social acceptance, or the only result would be the deflation.

治理地租推进型通货膨胀，不是要消灭通货膨胀或物价上涨，而是要将通货膨胀速度控制在社会公众可以接受的范围内，否则收获的只能是通货紧缩，而不会是通货膨胀抑制。

Supermarkets have promotions like" Buy one roll of tissue and get a free sachet of tea leaves", to avoid temptation carry just enough cash to constrain you from overspending.

超市常常会搞这样的促销活动：买一卷面纸，就能获赠一小茶包。价钱呢，正好避免了可能阻止你冲动消费的欲望。

Without these infusions to their capital bases, banks' CARs may slip below the CBRCs required level and thus constrain them from lending.

如果得不到资金来补足资本金基础，银行的资本充足率可能会降至银监会要求的水平之下，从而妨碍它们发放贷款。

Under a very simple constrain from the Maximum Entropy Principle, we found that an intensity-duration relation of Precipatation processes obeys negative exponent law.

本文从熵极大原理出发导出了在一次降水过程中降水强度与其历时为负指数关系。

The result of computer simulation has showed the adaptive algorithm can quickly tracing the change of shortwave channel and constrain from the affection of noise.

从仿真的结果表明：自适应算法能够很好地跟踪信道变化，抑制干扰噪声的影响；

Early Precambrian continental crust evolution at the northern margin of Yangtze craton: constrain from the elemental and

扬子克拉通北缘早前寒武纪地壳演化&后河杂岩元素和同位素地球化学限制

Adaptive Control for the Parameter Constrained System

参数有约束系统的自适应控制

On shortage: resource-constrained system versus demand-constrained system

论短缺&资源制约体系与需求制约体系

R matrix for the constrained system of a evolution equation hierarchy

一个演化方程族约束系统的r-矩阵

Stochastic Multivariable Adaptive Control for a Class of Input Constrained System

一类输入受限的多变量系统随机自适应控制

The Symmetry transformation of Constrained System with high-order derivatives

高阶微商约束系统的对称变换

But, the same result cannot be applied to the constrained system.

但是，对于约束体系这一结论不再成立。

Because the Ad Hoc Networks is an energy constrained system with the portable devices, it is a very important metric to evaluate the protocols whether which have a longer network lifetime or not.

由于ad hoc网络中的节点是由电池供电，整个网络是一个能量受限系统，如何节省节点的能量，尽可能延长网络的可操控时间逐渐成为衡量路由协议性能的重要指标。

We said if we had a constrained minimum or maximum, if we move in the level set of g, f doesn't change.

我们说，如果我们找到了在某个限制下最值点，如果我们在g的水平集里移动，f的值是不会变的。

Then the utility maximization problem is transformed into a non-cooperative resource allocation game constrained by the maximum power.

然后，在最大功率限制条件下，把效用最大化问题模型化为基于价格机制的非合作资源分配博弈。