First, we changed the ring-electrode structure of the tradition VCSEL into the "double ring cruciform" electrode structure, to make the new electrode access to the inside of the light-hole, so that improved the uniform injection current.

A Promise of Flowers The development of the embryo sac is of the Polygonum type and that of the embryo the Cruciferous type.

胚囊发育为蓼型，胚的发育为十字花型。

Formation and Reaction of Crucible at Material Shifting Zone in Industrial Silicon Production

工业硅生产中炉料移动区坩埚的形成与反应

Through the corrosion of platinum alloy crucible and many tests, the reasons have been found. Fe and P compound have been regarded as main corrosion materials, and some problems of testing dust sample have been put forward.

通过一起铂坩锅被腐蚀现象及其多次对比试验，找出了被腐蚀原因，确定了铁、含磷化合物是粉尘样品测定中主要腐蚀性物质，提出了用铂坩锅测定粉尘样品时应注意的问题。

The paper studies the pure corundum crucible which replaces platinum crucible, analyzed the structure of the pure corundum, tested its properties and discussed the factors which influence the properties of the pure corundum crucible.

本文研究了用作铂金坩埚代用品的纯刚玉坩埚。分析了纯刚玉的结构，测试了纯刚玉坩埚的性能，并对影响纯刚玉坩埚性能的因素进行了探讨。

Based on the experience in melting optical glasses, how to increase the using period of platinum crucible is also discussed.

提出了铂金坩埚使用与维护的某些措施，以达到延长铂坩埚使用期的目的。

A Study on the Replacement of Platinum Crucible by Pure Corundum Crucible

纯刚玉代铂坩埚的研制

Application and Maintenance of Platinum Crucible for Melting Optical Glasses

熔炼光学玻璃铂坩埚的使用与维护

The paper explains the experiment of smelting silver based electric contact materials and silver based solder by medium-frequency induction furnace with graphite and clay crucible. It compares the effects of the two type crucibles on the compositions of the melted materials.

分别用石墨坩埚和粘土坩埚对银基电触头材料和银基钎料进行中频熔炼试验，比较两种坩埚对所熔炼材料成分的影响。

Select water-cooled copper mold and graphite crucible as the reaction vessel, and set different welding current and duration of preparation.

氩弧熔化时分别选用水冷铜模和石墨坩埚做反应容器，设置不同的焊接电流和持续时间。

The results indicate that the maximum temperature of the molten alloys is not lower than 2500K, the copper of the crucible does not enter into the ingots of alloys, and the ingots are very homogeneous.

试验结果表明，熔料可达到的最高温度不低于2500K；坩埚的铜质对熔锭并无污染；

Bulk Cu_ ( 50) Zr_ ( 42) Al_ ( 8) coniform amorphous samples ( 10 mm in bottom diameter and 80 mm in length) were successfully prepared with water-cooled copper crucible and cooper mold suck cast.

采用水冷铜坩埚-铜模吸铸法成功制备了底部直径10mm、长度80mm的Cu50Zr42Al8圆锥形块体非晶试样。

The copper crucible for 25 kg vacuum skull furnace is systematically studied. The various factors effecting on the copper crucible failure are analyzed and discussed. The effective methods of elongating the service life of the copper crucible is indicated.

对25kg真空凝壳炉用紫铜坩埚进行了系统研究，分析和讨论了影响紫铜坩埚损坏的各种因素，提出了延长紫铜坩埚寿命和提高坩埚利用率的有效方法。

The Study on the Copper Crucible of 25 kg Vacuum Skull Furnace

25kg真空凝壳炉用紫铜坩埚的研究

A numerical model for simulating the temperature field of titanium melted in induction furnace with a water cooled copper crucible has been developed by using the direct finite difference method.

利用直接差分法，建立了水冷铜坩埚感应熔炼过程温度场数值模拟计算模型。

Melting and casting rare earth alloy with water cold copper crucible

稀土及其合金熔铸&水冷铜坩埚感应炉

Abstract From the concept of the crucible in FeSi electric furnace, the paper considers that periodically destroying the crucible is the key to improve air permeability, reduce burden sintering and keep normal furnace condition.

从硅铁电炉炉内坩埚的概念出发，认为周期性地破坏坩埚是改善炉料透气性，减轻炉内结料，保持正常炉况的关键。

The growth of Cd_ ( 1-x) Zn_xTe single crystal with descending crucible method in three-temperature-zone furnace

三温区坩埚下降法生长Cd（1-x）Zn xTe单晶体

Some companies which seep metal element with TD salt-bath mainly use outside-heat crucible salt bath furnace.

在国内一些应用TD盐浴渗金属的单位目前主要用外热式坩埚盐浴炉。

Various kinds of cold crucible induction furnace, and their basic technical parameters and energy balance are also presented.

并介绍了多种用途的冷坩埚炉型，工艺参数和能量平衡；

Aluminium Titanate has low thermal expansion and excellent thermal shock resistance It can be used as fine refractories in high temperature resistance nozzle tube 、 kiln furniture 、 thermocouple-protection tube 、 crucible furnace and so on. It has a wide prospect of application.

采用低膨胀的钛酸铝作为精细耐火材料，开发出的抗热震性能优异的耐高温烧嘴喷管、窑具、热电偶保护管以及坩埚，具有广阔的应用前景。