方士

Xu Fu navigated to Japan was form the place named "thousand children city"

方士徐福东渡日本是自“千童城”启航

During Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties, supernatural tales began to flourish. Alchemist was an important factor in the flourishing.

魏晋南北朝时期，志怪小说初次以蓬勃的面貌出现在我们面前，方士是其兴盛的一个重要因素。

The famous Alchemists-in the Han dynasty not only went in for divination, offering sacrifice to the gods and superstition activities and so on, they always experted at the Confucianists classics, but also they held a post in the central and the local political power.

汉代的著名方士并不仅仅从事占卜、祠神、求仙等迷信活动，他们往往精通儒家经典，而且在中央和地方各级政权中任职，对政局产生了重要的影响。

The Influence on the Central and the Local Political Situation Produced by Han Alchemists

汉代方士对中央与地方政局的影响

In Han Dynasty, the introduction of Buddhism inspired some fairy Taoist alchemists and stimulated the further development of Taoism.

汉代时，佛教的传入启发了某些神仙方士，刺激了道教进一步发展。

Fiction was deeply influenced by Alchemy culture at first. Alchemists were the early novel creators.

小说从一开始就受到方术文化的深刻影响，方士是最早的小说创作者。

It has important meaning in the cultural history, even affected the emergence of the supernatural being and alchemist and Taoism. The above subjects are worthy of further research.

它在文化史上具有重要的意义，甚至影响了方士群体的出现及道教起源，可作更深层次的研究。

The culture of supernatural being and alchemist in Qin and Han Dynasties is an important cultural integrant being pregnant with early Taoism.

秦汉神仙方士文化是孕育早期道教产生的重要文化要素。

The Eastern Han Dynasty is the most dirty age of Confucianism too, because the supreme ruler of prophetic-mixed advocacy, lead it to mystification, Confucian scholars are akin to necromancer, scholastic filled with false and superstition.

东汉也是儒学发展曲折的时代，由于最高统治者对谶纬的倡导，导致儒学神秘化，儒士方士化，士林充斥着虚妄与迷信。

Wang Chong also attacked the pursuit of immortality through practicing alchemy as well as other superstitious practice such as sacrifice offering and soothsaying. By exploring the root of superstition, Wang Chong helped to push the Chinese atheism to a higher level.

另外，王充还批判了“度世不死”、“修炼成仙”的思想以及祭祀、占卜等迷信活动，探讨了迷信存在的根源，批判了形形色色的方士，将无神论思想发展到更高的水平。

But that square private, would be legendary Xu Fu?

而那个方士，便是传说中的徐福？

What is the bridge between the culture of supernatural being and alchemist in the Warring states and early Taoism?

战国神仙方士文化本与鬼神无涉，它是如何成为孕育早期道教的文化要素呢？这就要我们注意秦汉神仙方士文化发生的第一个转变&神学化。

For the alchemists and the Six Dynasties' novels, previous studies have been on a lot.

对于方士和六朝小说，前人已有很多的研究论著。

Firstly, alchemists were the main novel authors in this period.

其一，方士是这一时期小说的主要创作者。

According to ancient Chinese documents, it is the earliest alchemistic material found so far in China.

结合文献分析，可知它是我国迄今为止发现的最早的方士的炼丹实物；

The article holds that culturally "Tangun myth" contains bear and tiger totem culture, alchemist culture, Buddhist culture and other aspects of Han culture, and it reflects the ancient Chinese cultural influence upon the Taedong River reaches as well as its obvious historical consciousness.

檀君神话的文化内涵有熊、虎图腾文化、方士文化、佛教文化以及其他的汉文化等几个层面，反映了中国古代文化对大同江流域的强烈影响。

This literary figure vividly interprets the evolution changing from necromancy to Taoism, and mainly shows the successive change from necromancer novels to Taoist novels.

此文学形象的演变既形象诠释了方仙道向神仙道教演进的规律，亦集中反映出方士小说与道士小说之间的嬗递关系。

Then the images of the alchemists are analyzed in these novels.

接着分析了这些小说中的方士形象。