In the Meiji Restoration of 1868, it overhauled its semi-feudal shogunate, replacing it with a parliamentary system.

The second of the qing dynasty and Japan respectively specify the aides gather western intelligence activities.

第二部分别具体说明清朝和日本幕府搜集西方情报活动的情况。

How to know that the Later Tang Dynasty Mu-Fu historical function is the topic which is worth studying.

如何来认识后唐幕府的历史作用是值得研究的课题。

Revenge for Asano's death had been expressly forbidden by the shogun, but for some men this mattered little.

为浅野之死报仇是幕府明文禁止的，但对一些人来说，这无关紧要。

Japanese person references have their various features, and it is common that person subject and the attributive are omitted.

在人称表达方面由于日本语具其各种特性，省略掉人称主语及定语的表达较为常见。

Besides Yano giving me the film to watch, no other Japanese person I met in those days made a single mention of Hara Kazuo or his films.

所以除了矢野给我原一男这个片子看，其他我认识的日本人，没有一个和我提起原一男这个人，包括他的片子。

He was awarded a Rotary scholarship and in spring 2010 he became the first Japanese person to attend ISB.

他获得了扶轮（Rotary）奖学金；2010年春，他成为印度商学院的首名日本学生。

Aficionados poured in from as far afield as Peru and Tokyo for a weekend of live music and Beatlemania, which kicked off with 1631 people singing "Love Me Do" outside the city's central Liver Building.

共有1631人聚集在利物浦的城市中心齐唱《爱我吧（Love Me Do）》，这些狂热追随者中不乏千里迢迢来到这里的秘鲁人与日本人。

In Japan, however, people work about 2,159 hours a year.

然而，日本人每年大约要工作2159小时。

The custom is partly a result of how commitment to a job is judged in Japan, says Dr Brigitte Steger.

布里奇特-斯蒂格博士说，这种习惯部分出自于日本人如何判断工作是否投入。

According to the Talent Education Research Institute, an educational organization founded by Mr. Suzuki, about 400,000 children in 46 countries are now learning to play musical instruments the Suzuki way.

铃木镇一创办了才能教育研究会（Talent Education Research Institute）。该教育机构的资料显示，目前在46个国家有40万儿童正在铃木教学法的帮助下学习演奏乐器，其中仅有2万儿童是日本人。

Many corporate methods have been adopted by American managers in imitation of Japanese practice.

美国的管理人员效仿日本人的做法，采用了很多经营公司的方法。

Asking unmarried people about a spouse or childless people about children may embarrass a Japanese person.

要是向没有成婚或没有生养的人问侯匹俦和孩子会让日本人感想难堪。

Loneliness has long been an issue in Japan, often discussed alongside "hikikomori," or people who live in extreme social isolation.

长久以来，孤独一直是困扰日本人的问题，经常和生活在极端社会隔离环境中的“蛰居族”一同被讨论。

The Japanese are expert at lowering manufacturing costs

日本人在降低制造成本方面很在行。

When the Japanese meet new people, they like giving business cards-but you should read the card carefully, not just put it in your pocket.

日本人遇到新朋友时喜欢发名片——但你应该认真阅读名片，而不是直接揣进兜里。

Next month, 40 years to the day after that short-lived boast, a very different Japanese Prime Minister will arrive in manila.

下个月刚好是日本人夸下那句昙花一现的海口后40年，一个迥然不同的首相将要访问马尼拉。

The Scottish Tourist Board said 33,000 Japanese visited Scotland last year.

苏格兰旅游局宣称去年有33,000名日本人到苏格兰旅游。

One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure.

一位科学家说,日本人和以色列人对失败有不同的看法。

It is common knowledge that Zhang Zoulin was murdered by the Japanese.

尽人皆知，张作霖是被日本人谋杀的。

The Japanese, Americans, and even the French and Germans, judge economic policies by results.

日本人、美国人，甚至法国人和德国人，都依据结果来评判经济政策的好坏。