Story of Palaeobotany Series ( Supplemental issue): How is the palaeobotany Fellow or Foreign Member of the Royal Society in London selected?

The early history of Chinese palaeobotany

中国古植物学的早期历史

The earliest scholar of palaeobotany in China

中国最早研究古植物学的学者&周赞衡

The following topics are considered together: neobotany and palaeobotany.

把下面的论题一道加以考虑: 新植物学和古植物学.

Under the control of paleoclimate, paleogeography, paleobotany and paleostructure, the advantageous coal-forming environment of the research area are river and lake-delta depositional systems, and we also summarize the corresponding coal-forming mode.

受古气候、古植物、古地理和古构造等因素的综合控制，研究区内有利的成煤环境为河流和湖泊三角洲沉积环境，并总结出相应的成煤模式。

The branch of paleobotany that studies fossil trees.

研究树木化石的学科。

It introduces all kinds of links about articles and websites for Paleontology, Palynology, Paleobotany, Paleoclimatology, and Geoscientists.

它介绍了各类关于古生物学、孢粉学、古植物学、古气候学和地球学家的学术文章和网站。

Advances in the studies of paleobotany of China during the last decade

中国古植物学十年来研究的新进展

A pure economic loss is a financial loss which is not causally consequent upon physical injury to the Person who suffered economic loss.

纯粹经济损失纯粹经济损失即不依赖于遭受利益损害的人的物的损害或者身体及健康损害而发生的经济损失。

Einstein thinks that physical reality is localizable, separable, and causally deterministic;

爱因斯坦认为物理实在是定域的、可分离的、因果决定论的；

Conclusion: ① The results showed that cytokines IL-1 β/ IFN-γ down-regulated gene expression of skeletal structural proteins, and up-regulated apoptosis-inducing genes expression, which might causally be involved in the skeletal muscle dysfunction.

结论：①IL-1β/IFN-γ下调骨骼肌结构蛋白基因，调节凋亡相关基因表达，推测可能是骨骼肌功能失调的原因之一；

The intentional realist argument made by symbol computationalists is to show that propositional attitudes with semantic properties are causally efficacious.

符号计算主义的意向实在论论证的要点，是表明具有语义性质的命题态度的因果效力。

Methods The 324 patients were divided into A, B and C groups causally, curing by medicine, tympanocentesis and the grommet insertion.

方法将324例单侧分泌性中耳炎病人随机分为A、B、C3组，分别采用药物治疗、加用鼓膜穿刺冲洗及加用鼓膜置管引流3种方法来治疗。

Interpreting and explaining the phenomena of the universe by referring to causally determined material forces; mechanistic.

机械论的运用由于因果关系而产生的物质力量来阐述宇宙的各种现象。

It is well known that the nitrate and nitrite from environment is causally related to infant methemoglobinemia and esophageal cancer.

环境中的硝酸盐暴露与婴儿高铁血红蛋白血症及食管癌的病因关联已为人们熟悉。

This raises problems for the intentional realist argument: How is the semantic property of the propositional attitudes causally relevant to the behaviours of the cognitive system?

这就给符号计算主义的意向实在论论证带来了问题：命题态度的语义性质如何能够对认知系统的行为具有因果相关性？

The Causally Simulative Research for Business Process Reengineering and the Dynamic Value-Added of Value Chain

业务流程再造与价值链动态增值因果模拟研究

Systems consist of variables that are causally related to other variables in a net work of functions.

系统由变量的因果关系的其他变量净的工作职能。

B.Pathogenesis and Immunity A new variant form of CJD has been identified in the UK which appears to be causally linked to exposure to the BSE agent.

在英国还鉴定出CJD的新变种，像与感染牛海绵样脑病致病因子有关。

In the domain of story understanding, where default causal chains are used for filling in the gaps between isolated sentences of a simple story to make the story causally well-connected, in turn provides evidence for the computational approach.

例如在故事理解领域中，通过默认因果链来填补故事中孤立句子之间的间隙，从而使得此故事有一个很容易被理解的因果链。

The micronucleus frequency may be causally related to radiation-induced genomic instability which is expressed as chromosomal damage leading to micronuclei.

表明微核发生率与染色体损伤程度存在剂量相关性，微核检测技术可以用于生物效应表现为染色体损伤的辐射诱导基因组不稳定性的研究。