Pushing and backing away are both avoidance actions--such actions are "usually performed in the context of aversive or problematic conditions that require enhanced control in order to focus on relevant information and to ward off negative consequences," the authors say.

The Purpose of this study was to determine the effect of repeated morphine administration on opioid peptides and kappa receptor gene mRNA levels in specific brain regions related with rewarding and aversive properties.

为探讨急性吗啡耐受的分子机制，本研究观察了急性吗啡耐受对大鼠脑内与奖赏系统有关核团中前脑啡肽原、前强啡肽原和κ受体基因表达的影响。

A type of behavioral treatment where an aversive stimuli is paired with a negative behavior in hopes that the behavior will change in the future to avoid the aversive stimuli.

一种行为治疗方式，通过将一个厌恶刺激与消极行为相联，将会改变这种行为以回避此厌恶刺激。

The destruction of the AP could accelerate the extinction of the acquired CTA and decreased aversive reactions when rats were given the conditioned taste stimulus.

毁除AP使已获得的CTA消退加快，给以条件性味觉刺激时，厌恶反应减弱。

Meanwhile, providing guidance and financial instruments of foreign exchange for risk aversive exporters is also important to minimize foreign exchange rate risk and maintain stable growth of agricultural export.

同时，为风险厌恶的出口商提供相关指导和外汇金融工具以尽量规避汇率风险，也是保持农产品出口稳定和增长的一个重要政策手段。

This uses electro-shock and behavior modification with an aversive conditioning of the old and a reward conditioning of the desired personality.

这用电激和行为修正，伴随着一种令人厌恶的古老的训练和渴望人格的有奖励的训练方法。

Well, people found moist most aversive when it follows an unrelated, pleasant word, such as paradise.

嗯，人们发现潮湿这个词与一个毫不相干的、有讨喜的褒义词搭配出现时最讨厌，比如天堂。

In contrast, positive events in daily life such as sex experiences seem to reduce aversive memory after aversive events.

相反，日常生活中的积极事件，比如性的体验，似乎降低负性事件后的负性记忆。

A type of conditioning in which the subject must learn to make some response to avoid a noxious or aversive stimulus.

个体通过学习采取某种反应行为，避开即将到来的打击过程或厌恶性刺激。

You may find it aversive and difficult to put in all the effort that may sometimes be needed to effectively accomplish certain tasks.

例如，你可能在需要全身心投入某项工作的时候感到困难。

They speculate it may be because dogs find angry faces aversive, causing them to retreat quickly.

他们认为这可能是因为狗对生气的脸有负面联想。

For people with bipolar disorder, thoughts can race so quickly that the manic feeling becomes aversive.

对于那些患有两极型紊乱的人，他们的思考变得非常快，以至于使狂热的感觉会变为厌恶的感觉。

A conditioned response that anticipates the occurrence of an aversive stimulus.

期待不好的刺激出现的一种条件反应。

This type of aggression occurs because it results in avoidance or escape from aversive stimuli.

有机体因回避或逃避厌恶性刺激所导致的攻击。

We know pain is& of others is aversive for chimpanzees and we know this in certain ways.

我们知道黑猩猩也讨厌其他黑猩猩的痛苦，这是非常确定的。

And so the author's note that desire might be weakened by aversive visceral factors, like pain.

所以发表论文的作者也注明这种渴望也会被负面的本能因素减弱，比如说疼痛。

Usually people will do anything to avoid being bored, as it's such an aversive experience.

通常人们会做各种事情去避免无聊，因为这是一种非常糟糕的体验。

Traumatic events always lead to aversive emotional memory, i.e., fear memory.

创伤事件总是导致负性的情绪记忆，比如恐惧记忆。

The difference is in positive reinforcement you do something; in negative reinforcement you take away something aversive.

区别就是，在正强化中你接受某种刺激；，而在负强化中你回避了某种厌恶刺激。

Inappropriate, excessive or capricious administration of aversive stimulation has led to scandals, lawsuits and prohibitions.

不恰当的、过度的或随意滥用厌恶性刺激会引起人们的反感、控告与抵制。

To avert disasters, governments should take urgent and ambitious actions.

为了避免灾难发生，政府应该采取迫切和强有力的措施。