椁

Among these physical properties are appearance, wear resistance, hardness or brittleness, residual stress, porosity, thickness, and deposit uniformity.

这些物理性能有外观，抗磨损性，硬度或脆性，残余应力，孔椁率，厚度和沉积层的均匀度。

Stone outer coffin tomb is a kind of special form of brick burial.

石椁墓是一种较为独特的墓葬形制。

There was a wood out coffin in the tomb and a large bronze coffin was in it.

墓内有巨木叠组的椁室，椁内葬具是一具巨大的铜棺。

This part includes the confirmation and explanation of notion on all kinds of the structure of tombs, the clarification of fuzzy notion, and then further divides the structures of outer coffin tombs and chambered tombs in Shandong region.

内容包括墓葬形制分类概念的确定与说明，对模糊概念的廓清，并分两节分别对山东地区的椁墓、室墓进行了形制分类。

They spend weeks creating elaborate pyres, often in the shape of a sacred bull, and burn their coffin-sheathed dead in joyous public ceremonies.

他们花数周事件摆一精心制作的柴堆，通常比较象牺牲用的公牛，接着在喜庆的仪式中火葬有棺有椁的逝者。

The fourth grade tombs are used for the majority of civilians, part of them use funeral furnitures, a single wooden coffin in a tomb is common, the wooden coffin together with outer coffin is few, the decorations on wooden coffin and outer coffin are rare.

第四等级为广大平民墓，大部分使用葬具，一座墓中仅见单个木棺的墓葬数量最多，而木棺、木椁同时使用的墓葬很少，木质棺、椁上的装饰较少见。

The third grade tombs are the primary and secondary nobles, vast majority of them use funeral furnitures, the most is a single wooden coffin, the less is wooden coffin together with outer coffin, a part of the wooden funeral furnitures have decorative things.

第三等级为中小贵族墓，绝大部分使用葬具，其中葬具为单个木棺的墓葬最多，其次是棺、椁同时使用的墓葬，部分木质葬具有装饰。

During the Han Dynasty, central-south areas of Shandong province are important distribution region for well-developed economy and culture, and dense population.

汉代的鲁中南地区经济、文化发达，人口稠密，是石椁墓的重要分布区。

The vast majority of tombs retain traces of burial, a small number of tombs remains wood burial, the majority of them have a coffin and an outer coffin, a small amount of them have a single coffin.

绝大部分墓葬保留有葬具痕迹，少数还残存木质葬具，多数为一棺一椁，也有少量为单棺。