areola

Frequently there is an inflammatory areola around the excoriation or a covering of yellowish dried serum or red dried blood over it.

抓痕周围常有炎性红斑，其上覆有淡黄血清痂或或红色血痂。

Nipple areola was preserved in 16 cases.

16例保留乳头乳晕。

The Study on the Scheme B to C in Areola System

基于小区体制的B To C方案

Results Seventeen cases were in primary healing and four cases in secon-( dary) healing ( four cases of fat liquefaction, one case with haematoma). No cases suffered from infection and necrosis of nipple and areola.

结果21例患者中伤口一期愈合17例，二期愈合4例（脂肪液化4例，合并血肿1例），无感染及乳头和乳晕坏死病例。

Conclusions When nipple-sparing mastectomy is performed, in order to avoid nipple-areola necrosis, it is necessary to protect the arterial rete under the areola, and thus, the thickness of areolar skin flap should not be less than 0.5cm;

结论保留乳头的乳腺癌根治术时，为了避免乳头乳晕坏死，应注意保护乳晕下动脉网，这时的皮瓣厚度不能小于0.5cm。

Objective: To evaluate the degree of trauma to the body of endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach, and to provide evidence for its popularization in clinical work.

目的：评价乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺切除术对机体的创伤程度，为其临床推广提供依据。

Objective To introduce an improved operative method for correcting inverted nipple by using de-epithelialized triangular flaps of mammary areola as supporting and filling tissue.

目的介绍一种改良的乳晕去表皮双三角皮瓣填充支撑法矫治乳头内陷的手术方法。

Methods Endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach was performed in 113 cases between August 2002 and May 2005.Preoperative diagnosis included 46 cases of adenoma, 62 cases of nodular goiter, and 5 cases of Graves' disease.

方法2002年8月~2005年5月，采用胸部乳晕径路行腔镜甲状腺手术113例。术前诊断甲状腺腺瘤46例，结节性甲状腺肿62例，甲状腺功能亢进5例。

RESULTS: ① Nerve which was distributed in nipple and areola of breast was derived from the lateral cutaneous branch and anterior cutaneous branch of the 3rd, 4th and 5th intercostal nerves and deep branch of mammary cancer.

结果：①分布于乳头、乳晕区的神经来自第3、第4、第5肋间神经的外侧皮支和前皮支，以及穿乳腺组织的深支。

Central nipple incision and double "Z" areola flaps to correct severe inverted nipple

乳头中央切口及乳晕双Z瓣治疗重度乳头内陷

The long axis and middle point vertical diameter of the wheal and the inflammatory areola were measured 15 min after histamine prick and 1 hour, 2 hours after having taken the medicine.

测量组胺点刺试验后15min，服药后1h、2h风团和红晕最长径、中点垂直直径，并计算其面积。

Implant breast augmentation surgery generally have three: armpit, areola, along the lower breast.

假体隆胸手术一般有三处：腋窝、乳晕、乳沿下。

They are similar to vesicles in shape and usually have an inflammatory areola.

它形状和水疱类似,常有炎性红晕.

The nipple is surrounded by pigmented circular skin called the areola.

乳头周围颜色较深的部位称为乳晕.

Moreover the nipple areola pigment is deep, has one kind of vicissitudes thin and pale feeling.

而且乳头乳晕色素偏深, 带有一种沧桑憔悴的感觉.

Application of incision around areola in benign breast diseases

乳晕外缘环形切口在乳腺良性疾病中的应用

Experiences on Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Breast Areola: Report of 36 Cases

经乳晕入路腔镜下甲状腺手术36例报告

Methods 20 patients undergoing endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach were allocated to a endoscopic thyroidectomy group, and another 20 patients undergoing traditional open thyroidectomy were allocated to a control group.

方法20名乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺切除术病人作为试验组，另20名传统开放甲状腺切除术病人作为对照组。

The application of methylene blue subcutaneous injection into areola in sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer

乳晕皮下注射美蓝在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检中的临床应用

From painful mass beneath the areola with unclear edge and recurrent attack are the characteristics of the disease, which can distinguish from breast cancer.

肿块质硬、边界不清、多位于乳晕区，常伴有刺痛和反复发作史为其特点，据此可与乳腺癌相鉴别。

As the intelligentification system of parking lot of the areola example, the application of the computer technique in the management of intelligentification areola was discussed.

摘要以小区停车场智能管理系统为例，论述了计算机技术在智能小区管理中的应用。

Conclusions Endoscopic thyroidectomy via areola of breasts approach is feasible and effective, offering satisfactory cosmetic outcomes.

结论经乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺手术可行，近期效果满意，切口隐蔽。

These papillomas may be soft, small, and difficult to palpate beneath the areola or the nipple.

这些乳头状瘤较小, 质软, 不易摸认,位于乳晕或乳头之下方.

Simple talking about the power use load and power distribution system design in residence areola

浅谈住宅小区用电负荷及配电系统设计

Areola and lips, such as special effect-acting mucosal parts faster, strong, fast shading, role leave color stability, midway disable! Especially suitable for pain neural sensitive person.

乳晕及唇部等粘膜部位专用，起效快，作用强，快速着色，留色稳定，中途禁用！特别适用于痛神经敏感者。

Modified Skate Flap for Nipple-Areola Reconstruction

改良三叶皮瓣法乳头乳晕再造

[ Conclusions] The endoscopic thyroidectomy with breast areola approach and the open thyroidectomy induced the similar degree of trauma to the body.

结论乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺术和开放甲状腺术对机体造成的创伤程度相似。

Clinical application of endoscopic thyroid surgery through the breast areola approach

经乳晕途径腔镜甲状腺手术的临床应用

The other patient of cancer without palpable mass but with nipple bloody discharge for 6 months was discovered upper areola vein thickening and sudden occlusion by infrared scanning, while X-ray film and echography showed negative results.

另1例，有乳头血性溢液6＋月，临床未扪及肿块，红外线扫描可见乳晕上方血管增粗，突然中断，诊断为乳癌。

Methods Based on the principle of breast reduction, an operation plan was designed. The new locations of the nipple, and the areola and the area of the breast skin to be resected were marked.

方法按缩乳术原则设计乳头、乳晕新位置，标记需切除的表皮区和全层皮肤区。