这两个词共同的意思是“关闭”。其细微区别在于:
1.close指把门等关到让人不能出入的程度,只表示关上; 而shut指关严并紧紧闩住,强调与外界隔绝。例如:
He did not close the door when he left the room.
他离开房间时没有关门。
Shut the door so that the cat won't get out.
把门关严,别让猫跑出去。
The store closes at 9 p.m. every day.
这家商店晚9点关门。
The police shut the murderer up in a cell.
警方把杀人犯关进牢房。
2.表示“暂不开放”用close,表示“永不开放”用shut。例如:
The swimming pool has closed for the winter.游泳场冬天不开放。
The hotel is shut.这家旅馆不再开业了。
这两个词共同的意思是“靠近的,接近的”。它们的区别是:
1.强调距离或数量上的“接近”用close更多些; 而强调关系或程度上的“接近”则用near更多些。
2.near的语气要比close弱。例如:
Near by is a department store.附近有一家百货商店。
This is a near translation.这是一篇接近原文的翻译。
这三个词共同的意思是“亲近,亲密”。它们的区别是:
familiar指经常接触,长时间的交往使彼此熟悉,亲近,甚至随便,不拘小节; close指由于感情、爱好、兴趣等方面的接近而趋于亲近,也指关系上的亲密; intimate是正式用语,指由于有某种关系(如血缘关系、朋友关系等)或深刻了解彼此的思想感情,或有共同的爱好、志向而亲近。例如:
His familiar behaviour annoys me,I don't know him at all well.他随便的态度使我很不自在,其实我和他一点也不熟悉。
They are close friends.他们是亲密的朋友。
He is on intimate terms with my father.他和我父亲的关系很亲密。
词源词根法
来源于拉丁语动词claudo,claudere,clausi,clausus(关,闭)→结束=-clos-关,闭+-e动词词尾来自PIE*skel,弯,转,词源同clavicle,scoliosis.原指古时弯钩状的钥匙,后指用钥匙锁上,关闭。
单词说明
用作形容词时,它不表示“关闭”的意思,要表示此义,要用closedThe shop is closed now.商店现在关门了。
重要短语
pay close attention to密切注意
close contact近距离接触;紧密接触
so close如此亲密;如此贴近
close at hand adv.就在眼前;在附近
An electrical pulse in a wire travels close to the speed of light.
电线里的电脉冲以接近光速的速度传输。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》She understood the importance of establishing a close rapport with clients.
她懂得与客户建立密切和谐的关系的重要性。
来源:《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》Tazief was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently.
泰哲夫在火山猛烈爆发的时候,终于设法在离火山很近的地方搭起了帐蓬.
来源:《用法词典》The realisation that the murderer must have been a close friend came as a shock.
意识到杀人凶手一定是个密友,大家都很震惊.
来源:《简明英汉词典》After they had haggled for some time, the two men decided to close the bargain.
那两个人经过一番讨价还价以后, 决定成交.
来源:《简明英汉词典》Nominally they are close relatives, but they don't see much of each other.
他们应名儿是近亲, 实际上不大来往.
来源:《现代汉英综合大词典》
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