This paper briefly describes the advantages, application prospects and present development states of procurements through open bidding.

The open bidding without base price for engineering projects

工程项目的无标底招、投标

Most government contracts are given to ethnic Malay businesses rather than being awarded through open bidding.

大多数政府合同交给了马来人的企业，而没有通过公开招标。

The draft law requires an open bidding process and would establish which foreign countries are eligible to work in Iraq.

石油法草案要求公开招标，并确定哪些家外国公司有资格在伊拉克营运。

I hope the suggestions for future bidding regulatory or legal rules played a certain reference.

希望文中提到的建议对以后的招投标监督管理或者法律规则的制定起到一定的参考作用。

With the fast development of construction projects, the bidding and tendering rules, laws and regulations and jobholders are facing impacts and challenge from the bidding and tendering market, and many new situations, problems have emerged.

随着工程建设项目的迅猛发展，我国招投标法律法规、政策及规章、从业人员也受到了来自招投标市场的冲击和挑战，出现了许多新情况、新问题。

Economic compensation model and bidding clearing rules for interruptible load ( IL) market are discussed and coordination between IL and generation-side reserve capacity for generation adequacy is emphasized.

讨论可中断负荷（IL）市场的经济补偿模型及报价清算规则，指出参与系统备用服务的IL市场与发电侧备用市场之间的协调对于发电充裕性的重要性。

Then the bidding rules based on the capacity and the adjustment of generation are presented, Furthermore, a method of congestion management, combined with the prize zone and the spot price, is introduced to be suited to the multi layer power market in future in China.

设计了基于容量报价和调整报价两种实时报价方法，给出了将区域电价和实时电价相结合的阻塞管理方法以适应我国未来的多级电力市场模式。

IOC overhauled its bidding rules in 2019 to reduce costs and make the process easier for cities. There are no official candidate cities campaigning before the vote, as has been the case in the past.

国际奥委会于2019年对奥运会申办规则进行了全面改革，不再采用以前确定数个官方候选城市，然后投票表决的模式，这样做是为了降低申办城市成本，并使申办过程更加容易。

The IOC changed its bidding rules in 2019 to reduce costs and make the process easier for cities.

为了降低成本，简化流程，国际奥委会曾在2019年对申办规则进行了改动。

Regulate the bidding rules, the power transmission project healthy, reasonable, and sustainable development.

规范招投标规则，使输变电工程健康、合理、可持续性地发展。

Engineering quantity list and bidding quotation

工程量清单与投标报价

Main Countermeasures in Bidding Quotation and Project Cost Management on the Basis of Valuation with BOQ

在工程量清单计价条件下的投标报价与项目成本管理的主要对策

The paper discussed the standard, influenced factor of final bid price, technique of bidding quotation.

着重阐述了工程投标标底编制的依据及影响因素、投标报价技巧等。

Primary Discussion about Composition of Engineering Bidding Quotation and Quotation Skill for Construction Enterprises

浅谈施工企业工程投标报价的编制和报价技巧

Effect Factors of The Bidding Quotation in Highway

影响公路工程投标报价确定的因素

The paper introduced the methods and countermeasures of bidding quotation programming for highway engineering.

报价策略运用是否得当，对投标单位的生存与发展，以及能否中标并获得利润影响很大。论述了公路工程投标报价编制的方法和采取的对策。

In particular, the social intermediary agencies shall be selected through public bidding in China under the Government Procurement Law and other relevant provisions.

其中，社会中介机构按照《政府采购法》及相关规定，通过国内公开招标产生。

In the course of the optimization procedure, considering costs and market clearing price, makes the selected generators bidding strategies conform to the interests of the generation companies and more reasonable.

在优化过程中将电厂的成本函数及市场预测出清价格结合起来，帮助发电厂同时考虑成本及市场出清价格，使得所选的报价策略更符合发电厂的利益，更为合理。

By comparing bidding type with non-biding procurement types, the international competitive negotiation was selected for bidding the EFTF cladding project.

经对招标方式和非招标方式进行研究比较，选用国际竞争性谈判方式进行采购。

Study on the Competitive Bidding of Electricity from Renewable Energy in Power Market

可再生能源发电竞价上网研究