这组词都可作“努力”解。它们的区别是:
effort(s)着重指动作的本身; endeavour(s)着重作出努力的认真和决心; exertion(s)着重于动作的积极性或剧烈性; bid着重于为达到某种企图而作出的努力; pain(s)侧重为完成某事花费气力。例如:
I will make a great effort to master English我会努力掌握英语。
The cabinet is making all possible endeavours to bring about national economic stabilization.政府内阁将尽最大努力使国家经济趋于稳定。
I was quite hot and tired after all my exertions.用力干后,我又热又累。
Our Department is making a bid for the interdepartmental basketball championship.我们系正力求夺取系际的篮球赛冠军。
For thirty years,Teacher Liu has been taking great pains in educating us.30年来,刘教员一直劳心努力地教育我们。
这组词都有命令的意思。它们的区别是:
1.order和bid是及物动词,而command和tell既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词。
2.order和command一般指上级命令下级; command是权力用语,更强调下命令的人有权威,特别指军官命令士兵; 而order却可以指某个人对他人下命令,如医生嘱咐病人; tell则多用于日常情况,“吩咐”的意味往往大于“命令”。
3.bid态度并不十分强制; command却有“强迫”“命令”“必须服从”的意味; order语气比command弱,不那么正式; tell的语气则更弱。
4.跟动词不定式的复合结构时, bid多不带to,而command和order则须保留to。
5.order还可表示“次序”或“订货”的意思,而command和bid则没有此意。
这些动词都含有“命令”之意。
order普通用词,多指上级对下级,主人对仆人以及教师对学生等发出的命令,也指态度专横地命令他人。
bid与order同义,但较正式,文学意味强,多指口头直接下的命令。
command话意强,指正式下令,强调下令者的权威性,要求必须服从。
采编自网络
b,buy,买
买→“出价”→“努力争取”
争取到了,“吩咐”他拿过来。
vt.&n.吩咐,出价,努力争取
中国申奥成功:China made a successful bid to host the Olympic Games.
谐音记忆法
助记窍门】谐音“必得”→出价、投标、命令、恳求bid投标,叫价来自PIE*bheudh,意识到,觉醒,原义见Buddha,佛。此处用于经济义,指投标须对价格有着清醒的认识。bid道别,吩咐来自PIE*gwhedh,要求,祈求,命令。bid命令,吩咐;报价,投标;向(某人)问候词源解释见forbid词条
重要短语
bid for投标;出价;许诺获支持
in a bid to为了…
bid on投标;出价;承包…的投标
successful bid中标
He has submitted a bid to resuscitate the struggling magazine.
他已经投标来拯救这个岌岌可危的周刊。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》The Chinese climbers are determined to bid for the highest mountain in the world.
中国登山运动员决心登上世界最高峰.
来源:《简明英汉词典》The climbers are determined to bid for the highest mountain in the world.
这些登山运动员决心登上世界最高峰.
来源:《简明英汉词典》The Government has already closed down two newspapers in a bid to silence its critics.
政府已经查禁了两家报纸,试图压制批评人士的言论。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》We have put in a bid of a government contract, but there are long odds on our getting it.
我们已投标以求与政府签订合同, 但成功的可能性极小.
来源:《简明英汉词典》According to informed sources, a takeover bid is planned for next month.
据消息灵通人士透露, 收购建议计划在下月作出.
来源:《简明英汉词典》The dealers bid up all the good pieces to keep out private buyers.
商人们对拍卖中的好货竞出高价,以限制个人购买者.
来源:《简明英汉词典》Benson signaled the auctioneer quietly and kicked the bid up another thousand dollars.
本森悄悄地向拍卖人做了个手势,然后把出价又抬高了1000美元.
来源:《简明英汉词典》The boss pondered for a long time and decided to wait for the highest bid.
老板思考半天,决定待价而沽.
来源:《现代汉英综合大词典》The buyers bid against each other and often inflate the prices they pay.
买主们竞相投标,往往人为地提高价钱.
来源:《简明英汉词典》Republicans targeted Unsoeld as vulnerable in her bid for reelection this year.
共和党人将安索尔德定为攻击目标,认为她在争取今年连任的竞选中不堪一击。
来源:《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
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